{"id":12141,"date":"2014-11-05T11:07:25","date_gmt":"2014-11-05T16:07:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ebola.local\/?p=12141"},"modified":"2022-06-22T17:14:32","modified_gmt":"2022-06-22T21:14:32","slug":"ebola-hand-washing-and-oral-rehydration-therapy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ebolacommunicationnetwork.org\/fr\/ebola-hand-washing-and-oral-rehydration-therapy\/","title":{"rendered":"Ebola, lavage des mains et th\u00e9rapie de r\u00e9hydratation orale"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>La question de la communication sur Ebola s&#039;est principalement concentr\u00e9e sur, eh bien, Ebola. Mais au-del\u00e0 de la connaissance de la fa\u00e7on dont le virus se propage et de ce qu&#039;il faut faire si vous l&#039;attrapez, il existe des pratiques et des comp\u00e9tences sur lesquelles les responsables de la sant\u00e9 publique communiquent depuis des d\u00e9cennies qui peuvent aider \u00e0 la pr\u00e9vention et, \u00e9ventuellement, \u00e0 la survie. Deux grands sont le lavage des mains et la th\u00e9rapie de r\u00e9hydratation orale (TRO).<\/p>\n<p>Le lavage des mains est l&#039;une de ces pratiques cruciales qui sauvent des vies et qui ne re\u00e7oit pas autant d&#039;attention qu&#039;elle le m\u00e9rite, et qui n&#039;est pas toujours aussi simple qu&#039;il n&#039;y para\u00eet en raison du manque d&#039;acc\u00e8s \u00e0 l&#039;eau potable et au savon. M\u00eame quand c&#039;est simple, ce n&#039;est souvent pas fait, comme peuvent en t\u00e9moigner tous ceux qui passent du temps dans les toilettes d&#039;un a\u00e9roport. Personne ne sugg\u00e8re que le lavage des mains seul suffira \u00e0 ma\u00eetriser le virus. En effet, il n&#039;y a pas encore de recherche sur le r\u00f4le exact que joue le lavage des mains dans l&#039;arr\u00eat de la propagation d&#039;Ebola. Quelle que soit l&#039;efficacit\u00e9 du lavage des mains pour pr\u00e9venir la propagation du virus, nous savons qu&#039;il est crucial pour pr\u00e9venir la propagation d&#039;autres maladies, comme la grippe, qui peuvent ressembler \u00e0 Ebola. Moins il y aura de personnes gripp\u00e9es chez le m\u00e9decin dans les mois \u00e0 venir \u2013 que ce soit \u00e0 Baltimore ou \u00e0 Bamako \u2013 mieux ce sera.<\/p>\n<p>Alors comment communiquer sur le lavage des mains \u00e0 un moment comme celui-ci, ou \u00e0 n&#039;importe quel moment ? <a href=\"http:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.com\/jeffrey-sachs\/global-handwashing-day-in_b_5989280.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jeffrey Sachs a un article sur le lavage des mains \u00e0 l&#039;\u00e8re d&#039;Ebola<\/a>, et un programme pour apprendre aux enfants \u00e0 se laver les mains cinq fois par jour. \u00c9tant donn\u00e9 que le lavage des mains est un comportement habituel, il est logique d&#039;avoir des enfants t\u00f4t, et les enfants ram\u00e8nent \u00e9galement \u00e0 la maison des habitudes saines \u00e0 partager avec leur famille.<\/p>\n<p>Le lavage des mains a \u00e9galement \u00e9t\u00e9 promu dans le cadre de programmes de sant\u00e9 int\u00e9gr\u00e9s qui soutiennent de multiples comportements sains et les services de sant\u00e9 qui les soutiennent. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.m-mc.org\/mmc_search.php?sp=&amp;ref_crmb=&amp;ref_id=&amp;step=results&amp;view=detail&amp;detail_id=PO_NGA_402&amp;adv=mat\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ceci est une affiche du Nigeria<\/a>, l&#039;un d&#039;une s\u00e9rie sur le lavage des mains\u00a0:<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/ebolacommunicationnetwork.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/PONGA402.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-12147 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/ebolacommunicationnetwork.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/PONGA402.jpg\" alt=\"PONGA402\" width=\"176\" height=\"250\" \/><\/a><br \/>\nIl a un message simple et direct, un appel \u00e0 l&#039;action et des visuels clairs. Dans d&#039;autres situations d&#039;\u00e9pid\u00e9mie, nous nous sommes \u00e9galement tourn\u00e9s vers la communication pour promouvoir le lavage des mains en tant qu&#039;outil cl\u00e9 pour arr\u00eater la propagation de maladies, telles que le H1N1 - <a href=\"http:\/\/www.m-mc.org\/mmc_search.php?sp=&amp;ref_crmb=&amp;ref_id=&amp;step=results&amp;view=detail&amp;detail_id=PL_EGY_1013&amp;adv=mat\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">voici un exemple d&#039;un mat\u00e9riau d&#039;Egypte<\/a> qui re\u00e7oit un peu d&#039;aide suppl\u00e9mentaire d&#039;un mignon muppet Sesame.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/ebolacommunicationnetwork.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/egyptmaterial.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-12144 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/ebolacommunicationnetwork.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/egyptmaterial.jpg\" alt=\"egyptmaterial\" width=\"119\" height=\"250\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Une autre intervention de la vieille \u00e9cole qui pourrait \u00eatre utile maintenant est la th\u00e9rapie de r\u00e9hydratation orale. La TRO (\u00e9galement connue sous le nom de sels de r\u00e9hydratation orale ou de solution de r\u00e9hydratation orale) peut avoir un effet plus direct sur la survie \u00e0 Ebola, bien qu&#039;il y ait encore peu de preuves pour montrer quel r\u00f4le la TRO peut ou devrait jouer dans le cadre communautaire. Compte tenu de l&#039;incertitude, ce que nous pouvons communiquer, c&#039;est l&#039;utilisation de la TRO lorsqu&#039;une personne souffre de diarrh\u00e9e et de vomissements - le m\u00eame message que les autorit\u00e9s de sant\u00e9 publique donnent depuis des ann\u00e9es. Pour les familles en attente de soins dans une unit\u00e9 de traitement Ebola pour leurs proches dans les pays touch\u00e9s, savoir doper l&#039;eau avec TRO pourrait faire une diff\u00e9rence pour la survie. Au Nigeria, des m\u00e9decins qui ont v\u00e9cu leurs infections \u00e0 Ebola <a href=\"http:\/\/www.npr.org\/blogs\/goatsandsoda\/2014\/10\/23\/358108367\/ill-gag-drink-to-that-oral-rehydration-key-for-ebola-patients\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ont attribu\u00e9 leur survie \u00e0 l&#039;utilisation pr\u00e9coce et abondante de la TRO<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Des rapports font \u00e9tat de personnes utilisant de l&#039;eau de coco pour s&#039;hydrater en Sierra Leone et ailleurs. L&#039;eau de coco a les avantages d&#039;\u00eatre propre (\u00e0 moins d&#039;\u00eatre contamin\u00e9e lors de l&#039;ouverture de la noix de coco) et d&#039;avoir des min\u00e9raux et des sucres. Cependant, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/07315724.1993.10718301#.VE_GZSLF9qg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">des \u00e9tudes ant\u00e9rieures montrent<\/a> il ne contient pas suffisamment de sodium ou de glucose pour \u00eatre utilis\u00e9 \u00e0 la place de la solution sucre\/sel.<\/p>\n<p>L&#039;utilisation de la TRO a \u00e9t\u00e9 communiqu\u00e9e de diff\u00e9rentes mani\u00e8res au fil des ans. Cette vieille r\u00e9serve d&#039;agents de sant\u00e9 communautaires et de volontaires du Corps de la paix, <em><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Where_There_Is_No_Doctor\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">O\u00f9 il n&#039;y a pas de m\u00e9decin<\/a><\/em>, donne la recette suivante pour la \u00ab\u00a0boisson de r\u00e9hydratation\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0: une demi-cuill\u00e8re \u00e0 caf\u00e9 rase de sel et huit cuill\u00e8res \u00e0 caf\u00e9 rases de sucre dans un litre d&#039;eau propre. Il ne devrait pas avoir un go\u00fbt plus sal\u00e9 que les larmes. Vous pouvez ajouter du jus de fruit ou de l&#039;eau de coco pour plus de punch.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.m-mc.org\/mmc_search.php?sp=&amp;ref_crmb=&amp;ref_id=&amp;step=results&amp;view=detail&amp;detail_id=PO_IND_1&amp;adv=mat\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cette affiche simple et classique de l&#039;Inde <\/a>(\u00e0 partir de 1990 !) illustre la communication ORT.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/ebolacommunicationnetwork.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/IND1poster.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-12142 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/ebolacommunicationnetwork.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/IND1poster.jpg\" alt=\"IND1 poster\" width=\"250\" height=\"152\" \/><\/a><br \/>\nLa communication pour ORS ne doit pas n\u00e9cessairement \u00eatre un support imprim\u00e9 : <a href=\"http:\/\/www.m-mc.org\/mmc_search.php?sp=&amp;ref_crmb=&amp;ref_id=&amp;step=results&amp;view=detail&amp;detail_id=TD_GHA_14&amp;adv=mat\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">D\u00e9couvrez cette tasse avec des instructions \u00e9crites dessus<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/ebolacommunicationnetwork.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/cupwithinstructions.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-12143 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/ebolacommunicationnetwork.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/cupwithinstructions.jpg\" alt=\"cup with instructions\" width=\"250\" height=\"220\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Et enfin, la communication sur le lavage des mains et la TRO est encourag\u00e9e et facilit\u00e9e par l&#039;OMS. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.who.int\/csr\/disease\/ebola\/messages\/en\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Voici un lien vers des messages rapides et des tweets sur Ebola, le lavage des mains et la TRO<\/a>. Les messages sont t\u00e9l\u00e9chargeables sous forme d&#039;affiches pr\u00eates \u00e0 imprimer, dont une avec la recette de la solution de r\u00e9hydratation orale.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The question of Ebola communication has focused mainly on, well, Ebola. But beyond knowledge of how the virus is spread and what to do if you get it, there are practices and skills that public health people have been communicating about for decades that can help with prevention and, possibly, survival. Two big ones are [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":45,"featured_media":12168,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[86],"tags":[132],"class_list":["post-12141","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-social-and-behavior-change-communication","tag-ebola-news"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Ebola, Hand-washing and Oral Rehydration Therapy - Ebola Communication Network<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ebolacommunicationnetwork.org\/fr\/ebola-hand-washing-and-oral-rehydration-therapy\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ebola, Hand-washing and Oral Rehydration Therapy - Ebola Communication Network\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The question of Ebola communication has focused mainly on, well, Ebola. But beyond knowledge of how the virus is spread and what to do if you get it, there are practices and skills that public health people have been communicating about for decades that can help with prevention and, possibly, survival. 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